Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay - 868 Words

Trauma: an emotional shock causing lasting and substantial damage to a person’s psychological development. Linda Krumholz in the African American Review claims the book Beloved by Toni Morrison aids the nation in the recovery from our traumatic history that is blemished with unfortunate occurrences like slavery and intolerance. While this grand effect may be true, one thing that is absolute is the lesson this book preaches. Morrison’s basic message she wanted the reader to recognize is that life happens, people get hurt, but to let the negative experiences overshadow the possibility of future good ones is not a good way to live. Morrison warns the reader that sooner or later you will have to choose between letting go of the past or it†¦show more content†¦Beloved and Sethe’s relationship can be described with an African term called Àjà ©j. This term loosely describes a destructive, but healing, force which perfectly describes Beloved’s method to heal Sethe. Teresa N. Washington, a professor, released a paper analyzing the Àjà ©j relationship between Sethe and Beloved. By ripping the proverbial band aid off of Sethe’s mental wounds, Beloved forces Sethe to recognize how deeply her past traumas affected her. With Beloved providing some much needed tough love, Paul D symbolically acts as Sethe’s protector and shield. He first displays his protective nature towards Sethe when he exorcised the ghost from the house, â€Å"She got enough without you. She got enough! (Part 1-pg 19)† Though he is able to give Sethe peace for a short time, it is superficial and therefore, it does not last long. Once Beloved returns to the house in physical form, it is clear that what Sethe needs is an enemy, not a friend. This results in Paul D being inevitably driven out of the house. However, once Beloved has done her job and opened all of Sethe’s wounds, it is time for Paul D to swoop in once again to save the day, â€Å"me and you, we got more yesterday than anybody. We need some kind of tomorrow (Part 3-pg.273).† By doing this Paul D is transformed into an essential character in Sethe’s road to recovery, this is because he offers her the hope toShow MoreRelatedToni Morrisons Beloved Essays1058 Words   |  5 PagesIf ignorance is bliss, then why is it human nature to uncover the truth? In Toni Morrison’s Beloved, the character Denver uses knowledge to feed her craving in hopes that it will fill the void her mother unsuccessfully tried to satisfy with the blood of the past and too little milk. To understand these truths one must accept that Beloved is a physical representation of the past, Sethe embodies the present, and Denver exemplifies the future. Throughout the novel these three characters interact onRead MoreThe Style of Toni Morrisons Beloved1118 Words   |  5 Pages Style Analysis of Belovednbsp;nbsp; In the 500 word passage reprinted below, from the fictional novel Beloved, Toni Morrison explains the pent-up anger and aggression of a man who is forced to keep a steady stance when in the presence of his white masters.nbsp; She uses simple language to convey her message, yet it is forcefully projected.nbsp; The tone is plaintively matter-of-fact; there is no dodging the issue or obscure allusions.nbsp; Because of this, her work has an intensity unparalleledRead More Character of Beloved in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essays2510 Words   |  11 PagesThe Character of Beloved in Toni Morrisons Beloved Perhaps one of the most important issues in Toni Morrisons award-winning novel Beloved is Morrisons intentional diversity of possible interpretations. However the text is looked at and analyzed, it is the variety of these multiple meanings that confounds any simple interpretation and gives the novel the complexity. The debate rages on over many topics, but one issue of central and basic importance to the understanding of the novel is definingRead More Toni Morrisons Beloved - Identity Essay1171 Words   |  5 PagesReview of Beloved: A Question of Identity  Ã‚   In her essay Beloved: A Question of Identity, Christina Davis discusses the issue of identity from an historical perspective, a textual perspective and an authorial perspective. She looks at the text in comparison to the slave narrative, explores how the text itself expresses issues of identity and describes Morrisons choices of authorship and their contribution to identity. Her exploration of the theme of identity calls upon the treatment ofRead MoreEssay on Love in Toni Morrisons Beloved646 Words   |  3 Pagesmixture of passion, need, lust, loyalty, and blood. Love can be extraordinary and breathtaking. Love being held so high can also be dangerous. Love can drive people to numerous mad things with it dangerously so full of craze and passion. In Toni Morrisons Beloved, there were many different love filled and driven relationships. There are family relationships between siblings, and relationships between mother and children. There are relationships between two different adults in various sorts. TheRead More Rememory in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay1242 Words   |  5 PagesRememory in Toni Morrisons Beloved To survive, one must depend on the acceptance and integration of what is past and what is present. In her novel Beloved, Toni Morrison carefully constructs events that parallel the way the human mind functions; this serves as a means by which the reader can understand the activity of memory. Rememory enables Sethe, the novels protagonist, to reconstruct her past realities. The vividness that Sethe brings to every moment through recurring images characterizesRead More Memory in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay806 Words   |  4 PagesMemory in Toni Morrisons Beloved       Memories are works of fiction, selective representations of experiences actual or imagined. They provide a framework for creating meaning in ones own life as well as in the lives of others. In Toni Morrisons novel Beloved, memory is a dangerous and debilitating faculty of human consciousness. Sethe endures the tyranny of the self imposed prison of memory. She expresses an insatiable obsession with her memories, with the past. Sethe is compelled to exploreRead MoreToni Morrisons Beloved Essay1412 Words   |  6 PagesBeloved analyzes the materialistic, emotional, and spiritual devastation constructed by slavery, a havoc that continues to taunt many; even those who were set â€Å"free†. This negative impact that slavery has left on former slaves stripped them of their sense of self and identity, marking them for the rest of their lives. The novel Beloved by Toni Morrison explores multiple examples, of self-isolation and the haunting of one s past. To further elaborate s uch examples, the story of Margaret Garner, toldRead More The Ghost of Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay1494 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ghost of Beloved One of the most engaging arguments about Toni Morrison’s book Beloved is centered around the nature of the girl Beloved. The argument is whether Beloved is simply a young woman who herself had suffered the horrors of slavery, or the ghost of Sethe’s crawling already? baby girl. The evidence shows that Morrison intended Beloved to be the ghost of the crawling already? girl. It has been said that there are basically two reasons why ghosts walk: they have eitherRead More Analysis of Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay4369 Words   |  18 PagesAnalysis of Toni Morrisons Beloved Toni Morrison’s Pulitzer Prize winning book Beloved, is a historical novel that serves as a memorial for those who died during the perils of slavery. The novel serves as a voice that speaks for the silenced reality of slavery for both men and women. Morrison in this novel gives a voice to those who were denied one, in particular African American women. It is a novel that rediscovers the African American experience. The novel undermines the conventional idea

The Dragon Rises China’s Growing Economy Free Essays

China, both as a race and as a geographical place, is a something that the world cannot ignore. The size and population of the country is formidable, and as such, China’s recent economic reforms have called the attention of global market. In just a span of over two decades, China was able to turn its economy around and currently, stands among the world’s major economic forces. We will write a custom essay sample on The Dragon Rises: China’s Growing Economy or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Hui 2003) Its growth has been phenomenal and is still growing at an unprecedented pace. In the past twenty years, China has been able to increase its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by four times, and now is recognized as a global economic power. China has quickly worked its way up in the global economic scene and currently stands in the sixth position of the top trading countries of the world. These events have also lead to the influx of foreign investors which leads to even more growth. (Pei 2007) Experts believe that China’s potential is as large and wide as its physical size and population. (Wanwen 2003) The ebbs and ties of China’s economy have been directly related to the sociological changes that it has been going through, particularly in its more recent history. As such, this paper intends to look at how these sociological events have been instrumental in creating the China that we know today and how its history as a nation continues to shape its people’s collective and individual destiny. In terms of our collective history, China has always been a major world presence, not just in terms of economy, but more so in terms of the legacies that the Chinese civilization has given to us. However, whatever presence that China has had over the course of its history has been obscured by internal conflicts and divisiveness which resulted in China falling to communist rule. Distracted by domestic conflicts and territorial disputes, China failed to keep pace with the Industrial Revolution that swept Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries. China fell too far behind and was unable to recover. When the last of its emperors fell, China was left to languish in the shadow of communism which was at its height during Mao Zedong’s rule. (Pei 2007) The failure of communism to provide a better life for the Chinese sowed the seeds of discontent. China’s communist government initiated a series socioeconomic policies that brought more suffering to the people, and an already stumbling country to its knees. Mao’s Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution left what is left of China in ruins. (Mackerras, 2001) After barely half a century of communism, China was ready for a change. When Zedong and his first-generation Chinese communist hardliners died, they were replaced by Deng Xiaoping, a more liberal ruler who laid the foundations for political and societal reforms, which in turn created an environment more conducive to economic growth. As a society, China was gradually emerging from its isolationist and repressive communist past with a government more cognizant of the need for change and openness. In 1979, after decades of isolation, China opened its doors to foreign investors. This was a turning point in the country’s economy. The tremendous size of China’s population, as well as its cheap labor costs made it a haven for production. (Wang 2003) Soon, other multinational businesses followed suit, realizing the cost-effectiveness of manufacturing in China, and the country never looked back since then. Of course, the act of opening China for foreign investments would not have been successful without the creation of more liberal policies that made China attractive to businesses. The government began laying the foundations that would encourage a more market-oriented economy, while maintaining a tight political structure that characterized its socialist orientation. Aside from allowing foreign business to operate in China, these social and economic reforms also included the privatization of agricultural lands. The change from communal farming to individual operations allowed farmers more freedom in so far as the production of their crops is concerned. Mackerras, 2001) More authority and responsibility were passed on from the central government to local officials, who in turn created an environment that encouraged backyard business to develop and flourish. (Wang 2003) Indeed, these massive and sweeping reforms have been successful in effecting the desired changes in China. However, Xiaoping and his followers have been keen to emphasize that the liberalization of society and economy as well as the easing of institutionalized control structures were done not so much to abandon socialism, but to improve it. Tianyu 2003) The Chinese, while eager to embrace change, is more reluctant to admit that socialism is wrong. In the end, the main goal of these reforms was to create a strong socialist country through democratization and modernization of society. The main tenet was that rather than struggle with the West, socialist China had better chances at proving its worth by cooperating with the West, through common economic interests. (Tianyu 2003) China was able to benefit from the initial attempts at reforms made by the European socialists, primarily the Soviet Union and Poland. Coming after their heels, China was able to learn from the mistakes their predecessors have made. China was able to maintain a strong centralized government, while allowing for the decentralization of economic functions. (Tianyu 2003) These societal and economic reforms continued unabated from the late 1970’s until the early 1990’s when China was ready to enter the second phase of its reform campaign. In 1993, Deng Xiaoping announced China’s main goal: that of becoming â€Å"a socialist market economy. † (qtd. n Wang 2003) After successfully laying down the necessary social and legal infrastructures for a free-market, China was now ready to stake its claim in the global market stage. The main characteristic of this second phase revolved around the gradual shift from a planned or constructed economy to one that is more spontaneous and free-flowing. (Wang 2003) Privately owned business flourished, alongside foreign businesses. The goal was to advance the gro wth and penetrate the global arena. In 2001, China marked a milestone with its acceptance in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Finally, the global recognition China has been yearning for has been given, and it was well worth the long wait. By 2003, the third wave of reforms was laid out, with the main goal of creating a stable socialist market economy by 2010 and a perfect socialist market economy by 2020. (qtd. in Wang 2003) The goals are indeed lofty, and while much still remains to be done, it is apparent that China is on the right track, based on the sustained growth the country has been experiencing as of late. Indeed, the social changes that have been put in effect in China have resulted in the economic growth and political power that the country enjoys in the world community. Had China remained a repressed and isolated society, it would still be trapped in the chaos and darkness of its communist past. Of course that is not to say that these changes did not come at a great price. Some sacrifices had to be made, and none of them were easy to do. The modern Chinese society that is modern and liberal was built upon the sacrifices of those who were willing to risk their lives in order to demand for change. Also, while the economy of China is generally healthy, it does not mean that every Chinese individual is experiencing this prosperity. These changes have also created an imbalance in society, where people in urbanized areas enjoying a better standard of living than people living in rural, undeveloped areas of the country. This inequality must be addressed by the Chinese government if it is to be successful in achieving the goals that it has set for itself. In the final analysis, the liberalization of China has been a long time coming. For so long it has languished under ineffective and cruel governments and an oppressive society that has no respect for the individual; a society that China has created for itself. Albeit belatedly, China has now come to its senses and has woken itself up. The winds of change have blown over this great country, awakening the dragon that has been sleeping for so long. For better or for worse, the rising of the dragon is completed and for China, there is no looking back. References Hui, Q. (2003). The Issues of the Chinese Economy Changing Tracks, Social Justice, and Democratization at the Turn of the Century. Chinese Economy, Volume 36, Number 2. pp. 21-89. Lin, Y. (2000). State and Markets under China’s Transformation: Rethinking China’s Economic Transformation. Contemporary Sociology, Vol. 29, No. 4. pp. 608-613. Mackerras, C. (2001). The New Cambridge Handbook of Contemporary China. Cambridge University Press. Pei, M. (2007) Changing State-Society Relations in China. Retrieved on November 28, 2007 from http://www.ceibs.edu/ase/Documents/EuroChinaForum/minxin.htm Tianyu, C. (2003). The Theory and Practice of the Chinese Path. Chinese Economy, Volume 36, Number 4. pp. 67-98. Wang, J. (2003) China and the World Economy. CIEBS. Retrieved on November 28, 2007 from http://www.ceibs.edu/ase/Documents/EuroChinaForum/China’s_Economy_World_files/frame.htm. Wanwen, C. (2003) Globalization and Economic Development. Chinese Economy, Volume 36, Number 1. pp. 48-88. How to cite The Dragon Rises: China’s Growing Economy, Papers

TESLA Sustainability

Question: Discuss about the TESLA Sustainability. Answer: Introduction This report discusses the key trends in the automobile industry and how Tesla is placed for each of the trend. The report also discusses the five key components of sustainable development for Tesla. There is an increased need of sustainable development and it can happen through the use of renewable sources of energy. This report discusses the scenario of Teslas electric car. Tesla Motors, Inc. is an American automotive and energy storage firm that designs, manufactures, and sells electric cars, electric vehicle powertrain components, and battery products. The teslas electric car is a disruptive technology that has changed the market dynamics (Hutter, 2013). Customers, especially in developed economics, have started to use the electric cars so that they can make a difference towards the society and the environment. This report would discuss the sustainable vision of Tesla from 10 years from now. This vision for Tesla can be mentioned as: By 2030, we want to revolutionize the automobile industry with the penetration and use of electric vehicles. At Tesla, we believe that everyone make the difference. Lets join us and contribute towards green environment without compromising on the safety or the luxury of vehicle. As per a news report, producing the electricity to power electric vehicles can generate emissions. But those emissions levels are far lower than the pollution emitted by conventional vehicles, and could be even lower as the electric power sector cleans up over next few decades, according to a new report issued today. Tesla, Stakeholders and Sustainability The automobile industry is a dynamic industry and there is a huge potential of innovation in this industry. In recent times, the players in this industry have faced the resistance from the environment scientists, government and society (Mumford, 2012). There is a need to curb the pollution emitted from the cars. Tesla has taken a right step to market the electric vehicle. With Tesla, many other players like GM, Ford, etc. have also initiated the focused approach on electric vehicle (Wagner, 2011). However, the sustainable measures or the sustainability target of Tesla or any other firm would not be successful unless and until it has the support from the relevant stakeholders. Tesla has a prime objective of profit maximization and its stakeholders like investors and employees have the objective to increase the profitability of the firm. Tesla Motors is a public company that trades on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the symbol TSLA. During the first quarter of 2013, Tesla posted profit s for the first time in its history. This shows that there are serious concerns about the sustainability vision of the organization. Tesla has a diverse stakeholders and it must have the support from various stakeholders group. According to Boutelle (2004) the best way to manage diverse stakeholder interests is to analyze their needs in order to understand them and to understand how these interests effect the organization. Throughout the analyzation process it is necessary to balance stakeholder interests and prioritize their needs according to availability of resources. Additionally, stakeholder interests need to be prioritized based on relevance to organizational outcomes. Organizational leaders should do their best to review organizational procedure to ensure that their obligations are being met throughout all levels of the organizations. Breakdowns in the organization can lead to ineffectiveness in meeting the needs of stakeholders. Departmental breakdowns can be addressed accor dingly to ensure that procedures are followed and stakeholder interests will be met according to organizational goals. Morris (1997) suggested the use of stakeholder management devices to gauge how and if an organization is meeting the needs of stakeholders. Another strategy to meet diverse needs is to anticipate issues before they arise. Anticipation of issues and making changes as needed within the organization is a prime method to build trust with multiple stakeholder groups so that they can be managed appropriately (Boutelle, 2004). The energy efficiency of different type of vehicles can be discussed as: Key trends in the automobile industry and sustainability vision of Tesla The three key trends in the automobile industry that would shape the sustainability vision of Tesla can be discussed as: Use of fuel efficient vehicles In recent times, there has been an increased push for the fuel efficient cars and it is expected that this trend would continue in future. In the coming 10 years, there would be more and more focus on green cars or electric vehicles. The large organizations in automobile industry like Tesla, GM, Ford, etc. have realized this trend and it is expected that in the coming decade, there would be more and more organization that would include the fuel efficient vehicles as the sustainability goal (Gehman, 2012). Sustainability as the prime focus of stakeholders interest Stakeholder interests are important for the development and sustainability of organizations. The goal of for-profit organizations is to promote their own interests to make profits as well as to improve the public interests (Murty, 2012). However, with various stakeholders come varied stakeholder interests within and outside organizations. This can lead to potential problems. Organization leaders must balance the interests of organizations as well as stakeholders, usually in connection with the market and considering potential profits. Organization leaders do not want to create a scenario in which one group of stakeholders appear to get their desires meet while others are excluded. Reynolds et al. (2006) argued distributing resources to relevant stakeholder groups within the organization is crucial to the function of the organization. A significant purpose for identifying and understanding stakeholders interests is that it allows leaders to understand and develop strategies to enlist and attract individuals as part of the organizational efforts. For for-profit organizations, making profits will almost always be the primary focus that guides decision making. Sustainability and CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) Given the facts that businesses now operate in a global marketplace, expectations of CSR are increasing, and salient stakeholder coalitions are easier than ever to form, it seems that for-profit organizations might, under some circumstances, rightfully prioritize some non-shareholder needs over those of shareholders (Gehman, 2012). The key for organizations is to find ways to create sustainable, long-term growth rather than seeking short term profits at all costs. As people note, a balance between the interests of shareholders and other stakeholders must be struck. Sustainability vision of Tesla and impact on the organization With the sustainability vision of Tesla, there would definitely be an impact on the various organizational policies and structures of Tesla. Components of Sustainable development for Tesla The five components of sustainable development that would shape the sustainability vision of Tesla and would have an impact on the organizational policies and structure of Tesla can be discussed as: Inclusiveness The inclusiveness refers to the way the human and the environmental factors are included in the sustainable practices of the organization (Mangram, 2012). Tesla can achieve its vision only when Tesla has a focus on the human values as well as the environmental values. Connectivity Sustainability demands an understanding of the world's problems as systemically interconnected and interdependent. It means that Tesla should have a 360 degree view of sustainability and sustainable development. Efforts aimed only toward ecological health and integrity, in the absence of efforts to alleviate poverty, stabilize population, and redistribute economic opportunity, may produce trivial results at best. Equity This component of the sustainable development implies that fair distribution of resources and property rights, both within and between generations, is a central dimension of nearly all conceptions of sustainable development (Gausen, 2012). Therefore, it is important that Tesla should focus on the development in a gradual manner Prudence Most analysts and researches call for humility and prudence in the pursuit of sustainable development, given the massive uncertainty and unpredictability, nonlinear interaction between system components, unknown thresholds, and complex dynamics in ecological and social systems. It is important that Tesla should take a smart and prudent approach towards the sustainable development. Securit This component means that the sustainable development should ensure a safe and secure workplace for employees and other stakeholders (Karamitsios, 2013). Tesla must realize that it can achieve its vision of 2030 only when it has got the best talent in the market and the management has the support of various internal and external stakeholders of Tesla. The sustainability goal for the next 10 years for Tesla can be discussed as: Tesla current market share (Electric Vehicle % in US market) 30% Targeted share by 2020 40% Targeted share by 2025 50% Targeted share by 2030 60% It is expected that the electric vehicle market would increase with an annual growth of 20%. One of the reports presents that: Organizational structure and sustainability vision Strategic engagement, including acknowledging the competitive status of the organization and studying its structure and communication systems, allows the corporation to gather invaluable knowledge that may assist the corporation in dealing with the particular campaign. Heightened scrutiny and corporate transparency expectations may be part of the reasons why for-profit companies like Tesla are paying closer attention to stakeholder interest. Corporations cannot expect to be successful without managing the relations with stakeholder groups are destined for failure (Boatnight, 2006). Attempts to conduct business as usual would be met with resistance from stakeholders if their interest were not a part of the organizations master plan. Stakeholders and future organization There are two points that would impact the relationship of stakeholders with the future organization of Tesla. The first one is that the stakeholders are concerned with profits and building trust and the second one of that the loyalty is essential to managing stakeholders. Trust is a key issue when managing stakeholders and their interest. If the stakeholders have trust within the organization they will feel comfortable with bringing issues to the organization with the understanding that their issues will be heard. Loyalty between the stakeholder and the organization is a perishable trait that will diminish if either organization takes the other party for granted. The other point raised during in the current business environment is the importance of making a profit for the stakeholders. This is an important issue because in for profit organizations making a profit is the most important concern that all stakeholders have in common. When organizations openly address profit status and m aintain loyalty with stakeholders, it is easy to manage other concerns because organization is making profits for the stakeholders and they trust they organization. If the stakeholder loose trust and the organizations is not making profits the relationship will incur stress and this may results in long term problems. Stakeholder conflict management and sustainability vision It is highly possible that the view of different stakeholders would not match to a single point of sustainability vision. Therefore, the leaders of Tesla must have the plan to avoid all the conflict and bring management towards a common vision and sustainability goals that could be achieved by 2030. Stakeholders have varied requirements and goals that tend to conflict (Boutelle, 2004). In order to determine the level of influence of each stakeholder an analysis of each stakeholder should be completed. Boutelle (2004) labels four main areas that each stakeholder can fall into based upon a stakeholder analysis grid: 1.High influence, High interest, 2.Low interest, High interest, 3.High influence, Low interest, and 4.Low influence, Low interest. Using the grid to isolate the level of interest and influence each stakeholder possess will help pre-empt any objections that may arise to a given project. This type of pro-action will reduce conflict and assist in the development of projects th at can be seen as beneficial to all stakeholders. Although all stakeholders will never be fully satisfied this grid isolates those whose influence is of paramount importance (Hepburn, 2014). Having those stakeholders that are strong in influence in agreement can bridge any gaps that may exist and reduce opposition. This type of conflict management creates a win-win scenario and helps in the creation of long-term plans for the benefit of all. When it comes to conflicting situations, people who have already experienced the problem will have a more direct insight into what the problem is and how to solve it. During a stakeholders conflict, it is important to make sure that each of the stakeholders which are having conflicting viewpoints be called to a meeting in order to find a solution. During the meeting a person in charge will attempt to help each party communicate their viewpoints and the reasoning behind the way they think, believe and act (Raven, 2012). The best way of communicating with stakeholders who ideas don't align with the organizations is to attempt to refocus the stakeholders on the organization's vision. Management or leadership must listen to the stakeholders and figure out where the conflicts originated from and begin to repair the relationship. For-profit organizations will always have to deal with stakeholders with conflicting ideas. Taran and Betts (2015) explored a theory using proactive matching and advocacy strategies to improve relationships between organizations and stakeholders who are at odds with each other. Taran and Betts (2015) also stated the importance of establishing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities and must align with the interest and concerns of stakeholder's organization. Organizations have several stakeholders and managing the interest of all of these stakeholders can be overwhelming. However, for-profit organizations must resolve these issues due to the effect this situation may have on the bottom line and if left unresolved the organization may incur financial losses from it. Silent stakeholders and Tesla By "silent stakeholders" it is meant that the stakeholder has a significant interest in the organization but no voice or power.For Tesla silent stakeholders are the set of customers that wants to focus on sustainable development, want to buy the Tesla car, but they do not have any say in the working of the organization. For Tesla, the silent stakeholders also include the particular group of advocates that are concerned about the damage done to the environment when the car is disposed. There are serious concerns that the battery and the engine of the cars can cause serious environmental damages and it could be a serious bottleneck to the sustainable development practices of Tesla. Therefore, it is important that Tesla should focus on the way car is disposed at the end of the life. The sustainability guideline about the end life of cars should include a dedicated premise or factory of Tesla where cars are disposed. Sustainable outcomes against the sustainability criteria The sustainable outcomes or the sustainable goal for Tesla against each of the sustainability component of criteria can be discussed as: Sustainability criteria Outcome/ Desired performance Inclusiveness Tesla should take all the stakeholders together and would keep the people informed Connectivity Two way communication with different stakeholder and society Equity Focus on current development and the development of future generations Prudence Collaboration with other players in the industry to focus on absolute sustainable development Security Approach of employee first to get maximum contribution from employees Attitude is an important means of understanding stakeholder behavior and perceptions when trying to manage stakeholder interests. It is important for organizational leaders to consider how the organization is perceived by all stakeholders so that the decision making process is influenced by how these perceptions can be changed to align with the reality of the mutual goals between the organization and the stakeholder. Morris (1997) mentioned the use of stakeholder management devices as a preemptive method to maintain clear understanding of stakeholder attitudes and positions on the actions of an organization. By maintaining clarity organizational leaders will be proactive in addressing stakeholder interests and conflicts by developing plans to mitigate these conflicts and built trust with stakeholders. In conflicting or turbulent situations organizational leaders should provide stakeholders with insight into the reasoning behind certain decisions so that their attitudes can be reflect ive of the importance of maintaining specific organizational objectives. Working with stakeholders to achieve organizational success is imperative and in the best interest of all parties. Conclusion The above paper discusses the sustainability vision of Tesla for 2030. It is expected that Tesla would be able to achieve its goals and objectives as the end consumers have started to use the electric cars so that they can make a difference towards the society and the environment. The above paper also discussed the key stakeholders of Tesla that would have an impact on the path and approach of Tesla to achieve sustainability vision. For-profit companies like Tesla would benefit from conducting stakeholder analysis and continually evaluating the results. This method would be an effective in gaining stakeholder buy-in in the corporate vision and encourage collaboration to create valuable products and services (Boatnight, 2006). Stakeholder analysis is a proactive means of engaging with stakeholders and managing their influence. The corporations stakeholder management practice could a preemptive measure to control how stakeholders exert influence. References Aghion, P., Hepburn, C., Teytelboym, A. and Zenghelis, D., 2014. Path dependence, innovation and the economics of climate change.Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy/Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment Policy Paper Contributing paper to New Climate Economy. Arrow, K. J., Dasgupta, P., Goulder, L. H., Mumford, K. J., Oleson, K. (2012). Sustainability and the measurement of wealth.Environment and development economics,17(03), 317-353. Boutelle, J. (2004). Understanding organizational stakeholders for design success. https://boxesandarrows.com/understanding-organizational-stakeholders-for-design-success/ Boatright, J. R. (2006). What's wrongand what's right with stakeholder management. Journal of Private Enterprise, 21(2), 1-25. Retreived from https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.proquest.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/docview/215103986?accountid=7374 Garud, R., Gehman, J. (2012). Metatheoretical perspectives on sustainability journeys: Evolutionary, relational and durational.Research Policy,41(6), 980-995. Hawkins, T. R., Gausen, O. M., Strmman, A. H. (2012). Environmental impacts of hybrid and electric vehiclesa review.The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment,17(8), 997-1014. Hutter, C., Starmack, T. (2013). Tesla Roadster: The New Standard of Electric Automobiles. Unpublished working paper at University of Pittsburgh. Karamitsios, A., 2013. Open innovation in EVs: A case study of Tesla Motors. Mangram, M. E. (2012). The globalization of Tesla Motors: a strategic marketing plan analysis.Journal of Strategic Marketing,20(4), 289-312. Markard, J., Raven, R., Truffer, B. (2012). Sustainability transitions: An emerging field of research and its prospects.Research Policy,41(6), 955-967. Morris, S. A. (1997). Internal effects of stakeholder management devices. Journal of Business Ethics, 16(4), 413-424. https://link.springer.com/journal/10551 Reynolds, S. J., Schultz, F. C., Hekman, D. R. (2006). Stakeholder theory and managerial decision-making: Constraints and implication of balancing stakeholder interest. Journal of Business Ethics, 16, 285-301. Singh, R. K., Murty, H. R., Gupta, S. K., Dikshit, A. K. (2012). An overview of sustainability assessment methodologies.Ecological Indicators,15(1), 281-299 Schaltegger, S. and Wagner, M., 2011. Sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainability innovation: categories and interactions.Business strategy and the environment,20(4), pp.222-237. Taran, Z., Betts, S. (2015). Corporate Social Responsibility and Conflicting Stakeholders Interests: Using Matching and Advocacy Approcahes to Align Initiatives With Issues. Journal Of Legal, Ethical Regulatory Issues, 18(2), 55-61.

Pesticides Effects Essays - Soil Contamination, Environmental Health

Pesticides Effects There are many important issues in the world regarding the environment and it's affects on the average person. Though, the one that hits closest to home, worldwide, is the trust that individuals have in the food that they consume. Yet pesticides are still found daily in foods all around the world. Pesticides are toxins that are used by produce growers universally to control pests that can destroy crops. These toxins are being ingested by humans in the forms of fruits and vegetables that have remaining toxins on them. How safe are these toxins to humans and what is being done to safeguard the environment as well as the health of individuals? Does the average person consume harmful amounts of poison at every meal? If the levels are unsafe, why is this problem continuing to get a blind eye from the people who are supposed to protect society? These questions when asked only lead to more questions. Until things are done to change the systems of pesticide usage universally, society can never be sure as to the long term effects on our environment and what they are eating or giving to the future of our world, the children. In some foreign countries pesticides are used more frequently with legislative control than in the United States. In Mexico and South America, for example, many of the pesticides that the United States and Europe have banned, wind up being used on a majority of their produce crops. The largest problem with this is that Europe and the United States import from South America for produce all of the time. What good does it do to ban harmful agricultural chemicals to be used on domestically grown crops if crops in other countries are grown with these same harmful chemicals, and are then allowed to be imported? Mexico and South America are the leading suppliers of produce for the earth's population because their climate is very conducive to year around crops. Unfortunately those countries are also known for their large amount of insects of all varieties. These insects are steadily becoming more and more immune to toxins that are sprayed on crops. More than five hundred insects, one hundred and fifty plant diseases and two hundred and seventy weeds are now resistant to pesticides. Results are that U.S. growers as well, are steadily forced to apply more and stronger toxins. As the amount and the strength of the toxin increases, the immunity of the targeted insects to these toxins also increases. Total U.S. crop losses from insect damage has nearly doubled since 1945. Insecticide use during this same time has increased tenfold. This war will go on being waged until the game plan is changed. The produce export trade in some cities and countries constitutes the majority of their economy and they will protect the resulting income at all costs. These places have very little legislation to control chemical usage, and follow up on almost none of its effects. Officials do not care how it affects consumers, being adults or children. Even their own agricultural worker's health is of no concern. These officials only care about producing crops and exporting them with as little overhead as possible. The bottom line is, always has been, and always will be money. In Villa Juarez, Mexico, many children who work in the produce fields are coming down with mysterious illnesses and some people in this region put the blame directly on those children's contact with the chemical acephate and other pesticides that are used in that area. The use of acephate is illegal in the United States, but is perfectly legal in Mexico. Doctors in Juarez are treating unusually high amounts of cancer and also fifty to eighty cases of chemical poisoning per week in their agricultural workers. This continues to happen because the government and the growers do not take these illnesses seriously; the workers are expendable. Growers in Culcan Valley, Mexico use chemicals to increase production of produce sold in the U.S. every winter. Unfortunately, studies that were preformed by the Government Accounting office in Mexico showed that at least six pesticides that are illegal in the U.S. were still on the produce when it was exported. Moving on to South America, in Chile there are no clear guidelines governing the use of agricultural chemicals on produce crops. In the city of Rancaga, a large fruit growing region, a study was done to check the risks that rural workers face, and what they found was astounding. Dr. Maria Mella found that there is

Aguilar Surname Meaning and Origin

Aguilar Surname Meaning and Origin The popular Spanish last name Aguilar likely denotes that the surnames original bearer  came from any of numerous places called Aguilar or Aguilas, from the Latin aquilare, meaning haunt of eagles. Those of Spanish origin, for example, may have come from the city of Aguilar (also called Aguilar de la Frontera) in Spain, near Cà ³rdoba. Some other possible localities of origin include Aguilar de Campoo in Palencia, Spain, and Aguilar de Segarra from the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.   Aguilar is the 45th most common Hispanic surname. According to WorldNames PublicProfiler, the name is most commonly found today in Spain, especially in the Andalucia region, followed by Argentina. Top cities include the Spanish cities of Barcelona, Madrid, Malaga, and Sevilla, plus Los Angeles in the U.S. Surname Origin:  Spanish, Catalan, Jewish (Sephardic from Spain or Portugal) Alternate Surname Spellings:  AGUILERA, AGUILER, AGUILLAR, AGUILLARD Famous People with the Surname Aguilar Grace Aguilar - English novelist and poet, best known for her writing on  Jewish history and religionChristina Aguilera - American pop singer, song writer and actressJeronimo de Aguilar -  Franciscan friar involved in the 1519 Spanish conquest of MexicoPepe Aguilar - American-born Mexican  singer-songwriter and actor Genealogy Resources for the Surname Aguilar 50 Common Hispanic Surnames Their MeaningsGarcia, Martinez, Rodriguez, Lopez, Hernandez... Are you one of the millions of people sporting one of these top 50 common Hispanic last names? AGUILAR Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Aguilar surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Aguilar query. FamilySearch - AGUILAR GenealogyDiscover historical records and lineage-linked family trees for individuals with the Aguilar surname and its variations from this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. AGUILAR Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Aguilar surname. DistantCousin.com - AGUILAR Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Aguilar. References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Im a Caregiver How Do I Have Time to Write

Im a Caregiver How Do I Have Time to Write Sixty-five million (29 percent of) Americans are caregivers, spending an average of 20 hours a week caring for a loved one. Perhaps you’re one of them. The demands are often so great, you wonder how you can ever have time to write. I’ve been a caregiver since 1984 when my husband retired at the age of 48 after a massive heart attack. I also helped care for my stepdad and elderly uncle until their deaths, and am now helping my widowed sister who’s losing her eyesight. During that time I’ve published nine books, along with articles and short stories. Here are some hints that may help a writing caregiver: 1. Write when you can. Seldom can caregiver writers rely on having a whole day to write. But if possible, get up 15 minutes earlier or stay up 15 minutes later. Fifteen minutes a day, five days a week, adds up to sixty-five hours a year - and thats a lot of extra time to write. Write when your loved one is taking a nap. Use the time you spend waiting in line at the supermarket to read the titles on magazine covers to see what type of articles they use on a regular basis. Watch and listen to the people around you. (This is a good idea in a doctors office too.) Don’t complain if you don’t have time to write. I moaned about this fact after my husband had an especiallybad year healthwise, and I sensed a quiet voice within saying, â€Å"Someday you’ll have all the time you want, and you won’t want it.† 2. Write where you can. I’ve written and edited in doctors’ offices. The ICU my husband was in over Christmas one year had a built-in desk in the corner, giving me a place to work. If you can find a family member or friend to relieve you one or two hours a week, take your laptop to the public library or a near 3. Write any way you can. Flying out-of-state to care for my mother after her cancer surgery, I handwrote three short stories on the plane, typing them up when I got to my hometown. When I returned home eight weeks later, I found checks waiting. Up until that time I felt I had to be at my keyboard to write. 4. Write what you can. Use your caregiver experiences as springboards for short stories, articles, or books. I wrote one article titled â€Å"Living with a Disabled Husband† (later re-titled â€Å"When Your Golden Years Aren’t Golden†) which has sold a number of times in religious and secular publications. My book The Freedom of Letting Go contains a chapter on letting go of health issues that includes caregiver stories, and I’m now working on a book for caregivers. Sharing your experiences and what you’ve learned through caregiving can help a lot of readers as they know that you’ve been there, done that. 5. Take notes. If you simply cannot find the time to write, at least jot down ideas and outlines. Then when those precious free moments appear, you won’t find yourself staring at a blank screen. Being a caregiver doesn’t mean you have to give up writing which can lead to resentment. It just means you use your time wisely. Taking time to do what you feel called to do and what you enjoy doing will make you a more loving caregiver - and a more insightful writer.

Gangs and gang behavior - week 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gangs and gang behavior - week 8 - Essay Example The Mexikanemi gang is highly organized, as evidence suggests that its members operate under a paramilitary structure (Shelden, Tracy & Brown, 2013). The gang’s structure comprises of three components. They include the connections they have with other non-members, prospects and its members. It has lieutenants, soldiers and sergeants. The gang members are mostly involved in serious criminal offenses such as murder, drug trafficking and robbery among other crimes (Walker, 2014). Currently, the gang is still active in prisons and on the streets. For example, in the last 4 years, the gang members had murder and racketeering charges where the members also executed people. Unlike other gangs in prisons or on American streets, the gang does not have gang allies. It is only in alliance with drug cartels in San Antonia and Laredo. The gang conflicts with other gangs such as the Texas Syndicate and New Mexican Mafia. It requires all of its members to remain loyal and a potential member has to kill someone to become a gang member. Those who want to get out can only do so if they die, hence the term â€Å"blood in, blood out† among its members (Shelden, Tracy & Brown, 2013). The use of drugs and homosexuality are all

Wal-Mart. Workplace report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Wal-Mart. Workplace report - Essay Example The company encouraged through its business policies the consumers to save money and also lead an enhanced lifestyle. In the current era, Wal-Mart has enhanced its customer servicing initiatives through the incorporation of applications via mediums like websites and mobile phones. These activities contributed to the development of concepts related to online shopping. The company operates internationally through its branches spread over 27 countries under different retail formats. Strategic leadership, innovation and commitment to the stakeholders are some of the right keywords that can be effectively related to Wal-Mart operating in the international retail paradigm (â€Å"Our Store†). The organisational structure of the company available in the Appendix shows that it has a hybrid form and operates based on the creation of specialised units that take care of corresponding and related operations based on a global scale. In each department, specific heads are deputed that take c are of the legal, merchandising, sourcing, and electronic and web commerce and also financial and corporate affairs of Wal-Mart. Pertaining to the regions, effective decentralisation is practiced by creating heads and deputy heads for international regions relating to Asia and European countries (â€Å"Walmart†). Analysis of the Management of Wal-Mart The analysis of the management of Wal-Mart will be done based on the different management models related to decision-making and team building activities. Decision-Making Models The Rational Model The Rational Model related to decision-making functions rests on four main steps identified as follows. Firstly, the implementation of the model starts from identifying a potential problem; secondly, the model endeavours to generate effective solutions to the problem identified; thirdly and fourthly, the model probes to select a solution from the list of generated ones and tends to evaluate its feasibility in meeting desired ends respec tively. Thus, the Rational Model is based on a series of logical steps that aim at finding an optimal solution to the problem identified. The Rational Model is also based on some assumptions according to which the manager takes decisions in a well informed environment (Kreitner and Knicki 337). Simon’s Normative Model The Normative Model, as rendered by Herbert Simon, stands in contrast with the Rational Model and tends to operate in an environment of uncertainty. This model, being non-rational in nature, tends to follow assumptions according to which the manager is does not work in an informative work environment. Further, Simon’s Normative Model also reflects that decision-making activities of managers are largely bounded by a set of constraints generated from the personal and work atmosphere levels of the individual. These constraints, generated from the personal and work atmospheres of the individuals, create hindrances for the manager in retrieving the right amoun t of information for optimal decision-making functions. The manager, owing to the inability to identify and evaluate different alternative solutions to the problem, happens to take resort to the satisficing approach that appears to be good enough in the light of the problem identified. Through the process of satisficing, the solutions that are satisfactory enough are gained, in contrast to being optimal in addressing the problem (Kreitner and Knicki 340). The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) is a decision-making process where decisions are gained from involvement of people in groups rather than acting in an individual manner to come up with solutions. In this process, firstly, a group is convened in an organisational set up so that the problem is aptly discussed between the people in the group constructed.

Indian Institutes of Management and Interview Essay Example for Free

Indian Institutes of Management and Interview Essay With academic internships on Internshala (likes of CERN, JNCASR, EPFL etc.) ruling the roost, we have been inundated with requests for tips on how to write an impressive Statement of Purpose (SOP). The kind which grabs selection committee’s attention and forces them to accept you in one go. We present, a been there and done that, expert telling you the finer nuances of how to write an effective SOP. About the author: – Nirmal Jayaram graduated from IIT Madras in 2006 post which he did his M. S Ph.D from Stanford University. Whether Nirmal is synonymous with the term Academic Brilliance or coined it; I am not sure. Sample this – he graduated with a CGPA of 9.54 from IIT Madras (last 4 sem GPA being 10/10), he had calls from all 6 IIMs and attended interviews of only 2 and converted both including IIM Ahmedabad. But of course he did not join it. He had admits with full scholarships from Stanford, MIT, Berkley, Cornell, UTA, Purdue. Rumors has it that MIT admission committee stalked him for weeks to swing his decision in their favor and sulked for months when he went to Stanford instead. With these credentials, if I were you I would pay VERY close attention to what he has to say on SOP writing. Happy reading†¦ 1. Understand what a statement of purpose means: You’ve probably been in situations where you have to choose one among several exciting alternatives. Recruiters face the same scenario while dealing with several good resumes intended at the same job opening. The statement of purpose gives you an opportunity to connect all your application materials together and express to the recruiter why you fit the role the best. To understand what goes into a good statement of purpose, you need to put yourselves in the recruiter’s shoes, and try to get a feel for the two burning questions a recruiter has: 1.Why are you interested in the opening? Sometimes the answer to this might be obvious. You current area of study/ work could well be closely related to the job opening, but it still can’t hurt to clearly enunciate your interest in this area of work and how that helps you move further in your intended career path. Naturally this is much more important whe n the job opening is in an area unrelated to your current area of work, although you might believe that the new area is really your calling. The end goal is that the recruiter needs to believe that you are very serious about this opening and you would give it your all once you actually get the job. More on this later. 2.What do you bring to the table? So, you have shown the recruiter that no one could be any more serious about the opening than you are. You’ve won half the battle, but you still need to prove that you are not all bluster and you are capable of performing the work at a very high level. Your resume does this for you partly, but the statement of purpose gives you an opportunity to highlight some of your major achievements and skill sets that are closely related to the job of interest. 2. Tell a story, your story! Let’s talk about structuring your statement of purpose for a bit. Your statement of purpose needs to tell your story in such a way that the recruiter clearly understands your background, your capabilities and your suitableness for the job. There are many ways to structure a statement of purpose, and this would be one: †¢Who are you and what do you do currently? Start out with your current education background and what got you there. Maybe you were inspired by pure science as a kid and ended up as a physicist. Maybe you were excited by the world of algorithms in high school that inspired you to pursue the field of computer science. Or maybe you even wanted to build the next Eiffel tower and decided to become a Civil Engineer! †¢What are your current academic credentials? Dedicate some part of your statement of purpose to explain your academic achievements and credentials in your current education program. If you did great in your college entrance exam or in your college exams, state it here and explain how this reflects your dedication to your current field and the hard work you are ready to put in. If you won scholarships through, for example, the National Talent Search Examination, make sure the recruiter kn ows that. †¢What is your current state of knowledge? Most disciplines are very broad and diverse, and it is imperative that you explain your specialization in more detail. Discuss your coursework and explain why you chose to specialize in the area that you did. Suppose that the job opening requires an intern that pursues research in the analyses of large data sets. You could be a mathematician and might have pursued a diverse set of courses, but you need to explain why the field of data mining excites you the most. You need to specifically identify your data mining-related coursework that clearly illustrates that you have the theoretical background to succeed at this new job. †¢Discuss your past projects: This is particularly critical for research based jobs that require that you be creative, comfortable working in open-ended problems, good at communicating orally and in written, and will not get easily frustrated by occasional difficulties in furthering the project due to research complexities. Some jobs also require that you be capable of working without much guidance or work as part of a large team. The most obvious way to communicate that you possess the above-mentioned skills is to provide a brief description of all your past proj ects and the skill sets you demonstrated along the way. Any journal or conference papers that you published as part of your projects will go a long way in helping you get a research-oriented job! †¢Discuss your non-technical skills: A lot of successful people are technically sound but also charismatic and possess excellent interpersonal skills. These are almost essential qualities in modern work places and activities that you’ve been part of where you have demonstrated these skills should help you big. Such activities include playing a leadership role in a department or college level association, being part of NSS, or maybe even running your own small startup! †¢Identify yourself with the company/ university: It is of utmost importance that your statement of purpose does not look generic, rather seems well crafted to the specific job opening. It would be wise to discuss briefly about your interest in the specific workplace and not just the nature of work, and in particular detail the attempts you’ve made to learn m ore about the workplace. 3. Ensure that the statement of purpose is written in a professional manner: A poorly worded statement of purpose with spelling or grammatical errors is a big turn off that would certainly hurt your cause. Request help from friends and colleagues regarding possible wording changes that would make the essay look more professional. Avoid terminology and wording that aren’t obvious to the reader, and remember that different countries may use different terminologies to refer to the same word. Keeping these sensitivities in mind will help. 4. Be brief: Recruiters do not have the time or energy to read through a rambling 4 page essay. The statement of purpose shouldn’t exceed a couple of pages and should be to the point. We are not trying to author the next Lord of the Rings here! Statement of Purpose (SOP) is a document containing one’s personal and professional details which makes the task of knowing a candidate for the MBA school much easier. It is a concise essay about one’s career goals, identified means to achieve them, and accomplishments so far in reaching towards those goals. An SOP often acts as the yardstick for assessing the capabilities of a prospective student of the MBA School. What should your SOP contain? According to top experts the answers to the following queries must be there in your SOP: You, your background and personality The reason or reasons for making a particular career choice Your hobbies Your short-term and long-term career goals Social initiatives taken by you, if any Leadership qualities demonstrated by you How you have dealt with failure Example of teamwork at the workplace Strengths and weaknesses Ethical dilemmas faced by you Preparing for writing the SOP Some suggestions on how to prepare for writing the SOP: Think deeply about matters concerning you, your choices and aspects of personality. Adopt pre-writing strategies and jot down thoughts as they occur Prepare a rough draft and proofread it to remove any errors. Start well in advance. While writing the SOP SOP is an extremely important document that you will have to prepare before you will be accepted into any MBA School. You must ensure that your SOP lacks any kind of spelling or grammatical error. Your ability to write at an acceptable level will tell a great deal about you as an overall student, so do not neglect to proofread your document before submitting it. The SOP must make an interesting read; otherwise it won’t leave any impact on the readers’ minds. Integrate your knowledge about the B-school with your career goals, as this will make it seem as though there is really no other school that you are thinking of attending. Some important points to keep in mind while writing the SOP: Originality The answers have to reflect the distinctive ‘you’ all the way. So, be original. Copy –Paste exercises will do more harm than good as one shoe size does not fit all, especially in terms of personality. Relevance Read the question very carefully before you start framing your essay. Consider the question: â€Å"Please detail your long-term career goals. Why have you classified them as long term? Do you foresee any change in these goals in the future?† Now, you must be careful in crafting a reply to each question in a convincing manner. Concentrating only on the first segment will make the statement lopsided and put off the admissions panel. Conciseness Every word, every sentence should be present in the essay for a purpose. Rambling and undirected thoughts are a no-no as your essay will be given a couple of minutes within which the panel member has to locate something memorable and distinctive. Imagery Imagery means using words that enable pictures to form in the minds of the reader. For example, the phrase ‘turning point’ is better than writing ‘The course of my life changed decisively at that point because it succeeds in giving rise to a picture in the mind of the reader. Avoiding jargon Using too much jargon clichà ©s or long-winded sentences obscure the point you want to convey. Professional tone and elements of standard usage There is a world of difference in the way we speak and the way we write. You should avoid informal style or slang while penning the academic essay. Keeping the standard elements of usage in mind will go a long way in ensuring admittance in the MBA School. It takes a lot of time and engages your mind to undergo lot of thinking before you come up with the perfect SOP. So you should start much before. All this takes time, so begin writing the SOP well in advance. Stay tuned to MBAUniverse.com for more on MBA admission tips! CAT Toppers share their GD, PI WAT experiences When a student is selected by a top B School, it is ensured that he has not just scored well in CAT but has also performed well in the Group Discussion, Personal Interview and or Written Ability Test (WAT) or Essay Writing rounds. This page will give you the GD, PI WAT experiences of the CAT 2011 toppers who are now students of the academic year 2013-15 of the top B schools. I had an enjoyable WAT PI experience of IIM Ahmedabad B Sekhar Anand IIM Ahmedabad Tricky WAT by IIM Indore Vishal Vyas IIM Indore My interview at XLRI lasted for 15 minutes Arjun Gupta XLRI Jamshedpur I had a grilling interview session at Common Admission Process of new IIMs Siddhant Gupta IIM Raipur WAT PI experiences of top 3 IIMs Anusha Subramanian IIM Bangalore If you are a fresher, be thorough with your subjects for PI Parag Poddar IIM Indore My WAT topic was on foreign coaches at Indian sports Aditya Agar IIM Bangalore My interview experience was different in the top four IIMs Mohit Srivastava IIM Bangalore There was no stress at my interview; it was a candid conversation with learned men Tanishq Goyal IIM Ahmedabad I had an enjoyable WAT PI experience of IIM Ahmedabad, B Sekhar Anand IIM Ahmedabad Q: Please share your WAT/PI experience in detail. A: My WAT/PI experience was very enjoyable. The topic for WAT was on corruptions affects- a topic that I was comfortable with. The PI on the other hand was skewed towards my academics. A lot of preparation beforehand helped me answer most of the questions. Though I could not answer a few, the interviewer was fairly satisfied with my approach to those questions. Tricky WAT by IIM Indore, Vishal Vyas IIM Indore Q: Please share your WAT/PI experience in detail. A: WAT and PI were the two vital stages of IIM Indore selection process. WAT was somewhat tricky with a question on prà ©cis writing and another asking about my opinion in a given situation where a choice was to be made between a family managed business and a professionally run organization. PI probably was the most challenging part, with the interviewers asked extensively about by job profile and nature of work apart from a good amount of general knowledge. Work experience was somehow a difficult part to tackle with questions ranging from basic programming concepts to industry quality standards and their constituents. Overall, it was a mixed kind of interview which had its own high points and lows. I was hoping to convert with a good performance on almost all the measures which I later did. My interview at XLRI lasted for 15 minutes, Arjun Gupta XLRI Jamshedpur Q: How many GDPI rounds have you had? Please share your experiences in detail. A: I attended the GDPI rounds for the following institutes: †¢ NMIMS, Core †¢ XIMB, PGDM PGDM(HRM) †¢ SPJIMR(FIN) †¢ XLRI (BM HRM) SPJIMRs admission process is unique in the sense that they call you on the basis of your profiles. In the group interview rounds also, the emphasis is on ethics and values. They question you comprehensively on your work-experience, if any. XLRI has a single PI round for the BM program. The interview covers all the important points, viz., work-experience, Graduation subjects (Math, especially for Engineers), current affairs and ethics. Highly unpredictable stuff, I must say. The HRM program has both GD PI components. My interview went on for around 15 minutes in which I was questioned a lot about cultures, economies and technologies. I was asked to relate the factors citing suitable instances. Some questions on work experience and mathematics were also there. GD topic was related to IT sector. It was pretty basic hence I did not face any problem during the GD. XIMB had a single GDPI round for its BM and HRM programmes. The GD was related to Income disparity and was manageable. The interview again revolved around my work-experience. We had a very candid discussion instead of an interview. I could easily answer all their queries related to work. NMIMSs GD was related to the airline sector. The interview was about Petrol/Diesel pricing, Basic Share Markets term and history about my parent company. For all the above GDPIs, I brushed up my Graduation Subjects well. Read about the major issues which are plaguing the nations, basic indices to measure economic health society, knowledge about the parent company, its product profile, job role, etc. I had a grilling interview session at Common Admission Process of new IIMs Siddhant Gupta IIM Raipur Q: Please share your WAT/PI experience in detail A: I had my WAT/PI in Delhi. I was given a topic on financial crisis in Europe. I was asked to speak on any topic from current affairs during the interview. I chose to talk on KFA bailout. I explained the problem and was asked for possible solutions. I suggested some solutions and a few cross questions were fired. Then I was asked a few questions on chemistry (I am a chemical engineer). Towards the end, I was grilled on â€Å"Which IIM will I choose if I happen to get multiple converts†. I linked it to the question related to the meaning of name and the panel seemed impressed. WAT PI experiences of top 3 IIMs, Anusha Subramanian IIM Bangalore Q: Please share your WAT/PI experience in detail. A: Let me share my experiences of attending IIM Calcutta, IIM Ahmedabad and IIM Bangalore. IIM Calcutta – I had a good WAT and GD. My interview was mostly about events doing the rounds, a few maths questions, logic puzzles and some general questions about my future plans, etc. IIM Ahmedabad – The WAT was tricky as we were given only 10 minutes to complete the essay. I was questioned on a wide range of topics ranging from work, recent happenings in the software industry and academics. IIM Bangalore – My interview with IIM Bangalore was almost entirely based on the statement of purpose submitted earlier. I was quizzed in great detail about specific points in my SOP, regarding my work experience and future plans. If you are a fresher, be thorough with your subjects for PI, Parag Poddar IIM Indore Q: Please share your WAT/PI experience in detail. A: The WAT process for IIM Indore involved summarizing an article in one-third word limit and was followed by essay writing. I had been practicing essays during my GD/WAT preparations and this helped me perform well in the WAT section. This was followed by PI. Being a fresher, I was questioned thoroughly on my subjects. Professors checked every aspect of my personality through questions on general awareness, GK, current affairs and my background. The interview was a great learning experience and helped me gauge myself better and identify areas of improvement. My WAT topic was on foreign coaches at Indian sports, Aditya Agar IIM Bangalore Q: Please share your WAT/PI experience in detail. A: At IIM Bangalore’s WAT/PI process, I was asked to first write an essay on ‘Foreign coaches are a waste of money in Indian sports.’ My interview was centered on my experience at work and I was asked a lot of questions on the contributions I made to the organization. All in all, the interview was a big test of finding out what I gave to the organization I worked for and to the college I came from, which, trust me is very difficult to comprehend. My interview experience was different in the top four IIMs, Mohit Srivastava IIM Bangalore Q: How was your WAT/PI experience? A: The interview experience was very different at all the four IIMs. IIM Lucknow was focussed more on general affairs. IIM Bangalore was mostly academics and SOP based (they actually asked me an algorithm) IIM Calcutta was purely quant based in terms that the first five questions were based on Permutations and Combinations. After I satisfactorily answered them the interviews started asking me questions on Seattle and where all I had been in Seattle. IIM Ahmedabad was very unpredictable in terms that most of the questions were not from my strength. It was somewhat less academic. There was no stress at my interview; it was a candid conversation with learned men, Tanishq Goyal IIM Ahmedabad Q: Please share your WAT/PI experience in detail. A: I got calls from all 13 IIMs, but I gave interviews for the top four only. In IIM Ahmedabad, the WAT topic was In today’s world, business and ethics don’t go hand in hand. The questions ranged from my work experience, solving math problem, my hobby tennis to politics. The entire interview was like a candid conversation with learned men on some random topics. There was no stress at all. Personal Interview A personal interview is aimed at knowing a candidate more intimately assessing the clarity of thinking process, future goals and the fit with the B-school. A personal interview is aimed at knowing a candidate more intimately – assessing the clarity of thinking process, future goals and the fit with the B-school. Personal Interview What does it test? Analytical Skills †¢ During the personal interview, Interviewer will check the analytical skills of the candidate in ways that cannot be done with a written test. Certain questions during the personal interview are devised to see how the candidate can analyze a situation and create a solution. For example, an employer may ask a candidate to explain a time when the candidate had to work quickly against a pending deadline. In the personal interview, the employer can ask follow-up questions to dig deeper into the candidates critical thinking process, to see if he/she fits to be a part of the Institute/organization Goal Clarity †¢ Why do want to do an MBA? How does it fit into your career goals? What do you wish to do after your MBA? These are some hard questions that you will have to answer almost invariably in all Interviews. These questions search the inner motivations of a candidate, and there are no right answers. The only way to answer these questions is to introspect: what excites and motivates you; what makes you perform your best; what would you really like to do in your life, and how do you genuinely see an MBA helping. Tough questions, but answering them honestly is critical for your success! Why MBA? is the most important question that MBA aspirants need to answer. There is no good answer for this. The answer needs to be your answer. In other words, you need to think deeply, introspect and find out what it is that really drives you. So put on your thinking cap, do some soul searching and then jot down the answers to whats your goal questions. Communication †¢ When an employer is engaged in a personal interview with a candidate, he will listen to hear how the candidate gives answers to questions, watch for body language that can indicate the candidate is not being truthful or is uncomfortable; determine confidence by gauging eye contact. Is the student is able to effectively communicate using his entire body, etc and these skills can only be judged during a personal interview. Domain Knowledge †¢ Given that a good MBA is a demanding programme, B-schools would like to know how you will be able to cope up with the academics and the extra-curricular 24 x 7 demands of your new campus. They are also keen to assess how you have utilized the earlier learning opportunities. Be prepared to discuss different specialty areas in business and their responsibilities. Interviewers will also expect you to discuss current issues in business, including the economy, taxation, foreign competition, the role of technology and ethical challenges in the field. So be careful about the gates you open, and be very sure you have in-depth knowledge about whatever you mention. For e.g. if you say you have an avid interest in Badminton, be ready for questions pertaining to Prakash Padukone, Deepika Padukone, plastic shuttles v/s feather shuttles, Saina Nehwal etc. It is advisable to brush up 2-3 subjects from your graduation thoroughly if you are a student fresh out of college. Also, contextual knowledge of the environment around you as well as general knowledge comes quite handy. Presentation †¢ Candidates who do not take the time to create a professional presentation for a personal interview can hurt their chances for getting the job. A personal interview gives the employer the opportunity to see what the candidate considers to be professional grooming, professional attire and a professional attitude. A candidates resume may be impressive, but if he shows up to the interview 30 minutes late and is not dressed in professional interview attire, then he may not be the candidate you are looking for. Attitude †¢ In a personal interview it is not always the answer you give to a question that is important, but how you give that answer. An interviewer is well aware of the corporate culture within his institute and a personal interview gives the interviewer a chance to gauge the candidates attitude to see if there is a match with the institute. Importance of an Interview: Who Conducts MBA Interviews? Every business school has different policies when it comes to MBA interviews. Typically, an MBA interview is conducted by one or more members of the admissions committee. However, it is not unusual to be interviewed by current students or alumni. Professors do not normally conduct admissions interviews, but there are a few schools who do assign faculty members to the task. No matter who interviews you, expect a lot of questions and an evaluation. Most admissions committees have a form that they work off. They will ask you specific questions from the form. If you are being interviewed by other students or alumni, dont expect anything different. They have probably been trained by the admissions committee to use the form or ask specific questions. Read more about the different types of MBA interviews. Personal Interview can also turn out to be an opportunity to sell yourself. While intimidating for some MBA-hopefuls, the personal interview represents a prime opportunity. Interviews allow you the chance to not only put a face and personality to the name and credentials on your application file, but also to express your academic, personal, and professional accomplishments, experiences, and intentions.

one :: essays research papers

One flew over the cuckoo's nest One flew over the cuckoo's nest One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest For as long as time could tell, whenever and wherever there is a corrupt ruling system in place, there will always be an opposing force trying to over throw it. This ruling system can be a variety of things. In some cases it is the government, a boss, or basically anything or anyone that has some type of control or authority over something else or someone else. In some cases the opposition can successfully take over control of these corrupt systems, while in other incidents the opposition is pitifully pounded back to silence. In other cases, the opposing force will be beaten, but in their shadowy remains lye a path for future generations to follow. In the case of Mc Murphy and the Big nurses a power struggle, the opposition (Mc Murphy) gets beaten silent, yet his words will continue to ring throughout the halls of the ward. Mc Murphy has been made a martyr, and has ultimately stripped Big Nurse of her abused powers and paved the way for fellowmen to escape her entrapment. Based on the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey, it seems that the authors' perspective on this issue is that the system in place during this time period is in need of change. Ken seems to like the revolutionist characteristics found in his main character, and emphasizes the idea of questioning the authority power. His belief seems to be that even if you are not successful in changing the system in entire, the effects of a person trying can still be very effective. In fact, if all you manage to accomplish is changing a small aspect of the system, it was still all well worth the fight. For as seen, the effects of a minor victory, ripple into much larger victories in the battles to come. As a revolutionist, you set an example for others to follow and in essence pave the way for others to follow. In One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, the main character, Randle Patrick McMurphy, fights to change the system in a mental hospital. McMurphy is very outgoing, loud, rugged, manly, a leader and a rebel. From the first couple scenes of the book, there is a constant power struggle between the patient's new found savior McMurphy, and the evil Nurse Ratchet who rules their wing of the hospital with an iron fist.

Predictive Policing Essay

Information Technology, or IT, is the study, design, creation, utilization, support, and management of computer-based information systems, especially software applications and computer hardware. Information technology is not limited solely to computers, but other devices such as mobile phones, PDAs and other handheld devices. The field of IT is quickly moving from compartmentalized computer-focused areas to other forms of mobile technology. (â€Å"Information Technology,† 2011) Over the last decade, computer and telecommunications technologies have developed at a surprising rate. Increased computing power, advances in data transmission, smart and user-friendly graphic interfaces present law enforcement agencies with unprecedented capacity to collect, store, analyze and share data with stakeholders inside and outside of government. Ultimately, information technology represents a tool to help local law enforcement achieve its broadened and increasingly complex missions. (Reichert, 2001) Using information technology to fight crime by the police officers is becoming increasingly effective in apprehending the crime perpetrators. Historically, technological innovation has served as the substance for intense changes in the organization of police work and has presented both opportunities and challenges to police and other criminal justice practitioners, according to Janet Chan, a social scientist who has studied how information technology affects the way police do their jobs. 1 Noting that . information is the stock-in- trade of policing,. Chan has identified three general imperatives driving law enforcement’s evening investment in information technology. Using information technology in policing has add that more efficiency to the police department. Comparing the old-fashioned way of patrolling the streets to combat crime to then use them of using technology to predict the crime area and patrolling in advance deters crimes from happening. There are many advantages associated with using information technology in policing. Comparative analysis shows that using information technology (IT) to combat crime has save lot of resources and time in the police department. There are a number of other advantages that can be associated with the use of information technology in the police department. For instance they use of Automated Field Reporting System by the police department has eradicated the use of hand writing of reports at the field by the Police Officers. Officers completed handwritten incident reports in the field and submitted them at the end of a shift to a field supervisor. After reviewing and approving reports, field supervisors would send them to a central repository for filing, usually in the department’s records section. Personnel in the records section were responsible for distributing copies to other units in the department, such as the appropriate investigative unit, and entering information from the incident reports into a database. Depending on the specific system at a police department, the incident report process could take days, or even weeks, from the time the report was written to its availability in a database. The AFRS had saved Polices from going through all these processes. Even the time of going back to the office to submit the report has been saved by the police officers. The use of information technology makes the police officers to be able to know where a crime may potentiality happen, and their presence ahead of time help prevent the crime. Whereas random patrolling has the potential of missing the crimes area and that give criminals the leeway to perpetrate their criminal act. Using technology by the police helps them to arrive at the crime scene as early as practicable; this helps the offices to trace the criminals and apprehend them. It’s called â€Å"Predictive Policing† a program which Capt. Sean Malinowski says puts officers on the scene before crimes occur. â€Å"Sixty-five percent of our crimes are burglary, grand theft auto and burglary from a motor vehicle† Malinowski said. â€Å"And that’s what these boxes represent. † â€Å"The real measure of this is not how many people you catch it is how much crime you prevent,† said Beck. â€Å"I love catching people — it’s what I live for — but what I’d rather do is live in a place and work in a place where crime didn’t happen.† These include inputs, processing, output, and feedback. Inputs are collected in a form of data. The departments of the Police depends upon police incident and arrest reports for their crime data, but they also used computer-aided dispatch (CAD) data to aid identify geographic hot spots. In Minneapolis, officer debriefings of suspects were an additional feature of the information/data-gathering process. The Compstat process began when an officer filled out an incident/arrest report that he or she then hands to a commanding officer for approval. Once approved, a data clerk, who is located in the district, or in headquarters, enters crime information from the reports into a records management system (RMS). At this point the analysts in the Crime Analysis Unit (CAU) selected the data on the crimes that were regularly presented at Compstat meetings and entered them into a computer database. using a data management program, either MS Excel or MS Access. The main field research techniques we used were participation, observation, and formal interviews with city officials and police at various levels in the chain of command. At each site, researchers observed weekly or biweekly Compstat meetings and interviewed city and police department personnel. These included the mayor, city manager, chief, civilian staff, middle managers or district commanders, captains, lieutenants, detectives, first-line supervisors or sergeants, and patrol officers. District commanders previously relied heavily upon reading daily crime reports to identify problems and patterns, and they supplemented this information with personal experience and subjective evidence. The data is then analyzed and processed to make more meaningful. In conducting intensive field research, the police officers are especially interested in attaining detailed information on the role of Compstat-generated data and in learning about the â€Å"scanning† part of the problem-identification process. How were problems analyzed, and how were tactics reviewed and selected? What was the scope of the treatment developed to deal with a Compstat identified problem, in terms of the resources mobilized to deal with it? Was there a reorganization or mobilization of resources to address the problem, or was it handled merely by the routines of individuals or units already assigned to these duties? How were rank-and file officers involved in this process, if at all? Were specific officers or patrol units made accountable for addressing problems? How much follow-through was there on these initiatives? Data-driven problem identification and assessment: Compstat has significantly enhanced management and analysis of data. Examining crime maps and reviewing summary statistics was not essential to this process. Crime data helped inform but did not drive decision making.

Criminals are Made Not Born

One of the longest debates held in criminology concern the criminal behavior.   There are those who have been supporting the notion that criminals are born while other have been arguing that criminals are actually made no born.There is not side which can claim to have the correct answer for the question owing to the dimension of the issue and the amount of research that is used to back each claim.One of the most important factors about the debate is that they both try to explore the criminal behaviors. Past researches have proved that criminals can either be made while other has shown that criminals can be born. Based on the long standing debate in psychology on nurture vs. nature, the debate on criminal behavior has become more complicated and more confusing.   (Komiya, 1999)As early as 19th century, the debate had taken the centre stage in criminal psychology with high minded physician like Cesare Lombroso taking a number of skull measuring with an aim of proving that criminals usually have smaller brains compared to the law abiding citizens.This study elicited different feelings   with some giving it an interpretation that it showed criminals are actually born while others like Richard Herrnstein a Harvard Professor arguing that it showed that criminals are born with constitution factors which actually expose them to crime.The conclusions of most of these researches have shown that off render usually differs from non-offenders in different characteristics in physique, intelligence and the personality. (Hare and Forth, 2003)There are also a number of studies which have rooted on nurture rather than nature as the cause of crime. These studies have asserted that the environmental factors including the environment where one is brought up in contributes to the overall risk of one becoming criminals.These studies have been based on the increased patters of crime which have been identified on some places like where there is high poverty compared to areas wher e the families are well up. These studies therefore assert that criminals are actually made rather than born. (Bowling and Farrel, 1999)The nature and nurture debate  The nature verses nurture debated is pegged on the relative important that can be attached to   the personal innate qualities as opposed to the individual experiences in   the way they determine   the difference in physical and the behavior development of   the person.This debate can be traced back to the time Darwin published his book Origin of species which rooted for the individual traits as the main factor leading to the development in physical and behavioral traits. This means that the growth factors or genes which are inherited from parents are held responsible for determining the future of the individual person. (Meaney, 2001)On the other hand the Darwin view of the genetic factors being responsible for individual growth was opposed by behaviorist who argued that the environment rather than the inherit ed genetic factors should be held responsible for individual growth in physical and behavioral traits. This is the nurture side of the debate.Those proposing on this side argue that the environment under which we live has a great effect on our overall development. This is supported by a number of social theorists who came up with several social and conditioning theories to support their argument. (Jennie, 2003)The nurture and nature debate soon found its way into the world of criminology. The nature side of criminal behavior assert that criminal are born as criminals while the nurture side argues that criminals are made which means that the environment under which they live in   can be help responsible for   their criminal behaviors.Those asserting that criminals are born supports their view with the argument that crime tend to run in families and children who are born of   criminal parent have are three times more likely to become criminal in their adult life.On the other han d those asserting that criminals are made assert that there is a high level of crimes which are committed on some areas especially where there is rampant poverty compared to other well up areas. They also support the argument showing that some environmental factors like a high exposure to lead and other are likely to result of criminal adults. (Lykken, 2005)

The Great Barrier Reef

The Great Barrier Reef Free Online Research Papers On this leg of our journey we will be visiting the Great Barrier Reef. We will be seeing nature in all its glory. As we all know the Great Barrier Reef is a great place to go scuba diving and to do other water sports. But there is so much more you can see and do and learn. We’re going to learn all about the reef and how it got its start. Plus, we can see how we can protect the Great Barrier. So, what are reefs made of? Coral reefs are found in oceans and seas around the world. They are found on limestone rocks and there are three different types of coral that can be found. They are the fringing, barrier, and atolls. All of them have there own distinct characteristics. Fringing reefs are coral reefs that touch the shoreline of a volcanic island. Barrier reefs are separated from the shore by area of shallow water called a lagoon. The land that barrier reef usually surrounds have sunk farther into the ocean, then the island that fringing surround. Atoll reefs are in the shape of a ring. This type of reef surrounds an island that has sunk beneath the surface of the ocean. Now that we have some back round on coral reefs, lets look at the Great Barrier reef. The Great Barrier Reef lies in the Coral Sea of the coast of Queensland, Australia. The Great Barrier Reef is the longest coral reef in the world. The barrier reef is actually made up of a series of coral island, reefs, and shoals that extend north to southeast for more than 1,250mi (Great Barrier Reef,2007).the coral formations which include more than 350 species of coral are based on the outer, eastern edge of the continental shelf , which was once apart of the Queensland coast. The reef consist mostly of the calcified remains of coral polyp built up in strange and beautiful formations over hundreds of thousands of years(Great Barrier Reef,2007). Some recent studies show that the reef is about 600,000 years old. There is a lagoon that lies between the main reef and the mainland. In this shallow water lies about a hundred or so islands, which may have coral cays, other summits of a drowned coastal mountain range. Sense 1998 about 60% of the reef have been affect by coral bleaching due to rising temperatures and fresh water flooding. With the temperatures rising some people are concerned that huge sections of the reef would become unable to support sea life. In the early 21st century, mounting environmental concerns led the Australian government to introduce measures designed to reduce the chemicals in agricultural runoff and prevent commercial over fishing by extending a ban on commercial and recreational fishing to one third of the reef area (Great Barrier Reef, 2007). The Great Barrier Reef is home to some incredible scuba diving the area is one of the most diverse under water system to explore in the world. With all the different marine life that you are with it no wonder that so many people flock here year after year. Another great past tine is boating and jet skiing which we will be doing some of today. Ok let learn some fun facts about the Great Barrier Reef. Did you know that the Great Barrier Reef is the only natural structure that you can see from space? I bet you didn’t know this if you cut yourself on coral and you don’t clean it that the coral will grow inside your skin. Here Another cool fact on the Barrier reef. The reef can only live in water 68 degrees or higher. Well I hope you like some of these facts. All of the things we see here today can be today can be taken away in the blink of an eye. We need to make sure that we need to make sure that we each do our part to protect the Great Barrier Reefs and the world. Coral Reef are on the frontlines It show us how just a little change in the environment can change everything. We want all this beautiful coral and animals to be here for many, many more generations to come. So lets go see the Reef up close and personal. Research Papers on The Great Barrier ReefThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationDefinition of Export QuotasCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionMind Travel19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Spring and AutumnGenetic EngineeringQuebec and CanadaAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

The Common European Asylum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The Common European Asylum - Essay Example The European Union as established in the Treaty of Maastricht is an area which ensures freedom of movement. The treaty of Amsterdam (1997)further reformed the Maastricht treaty and all dealings related to free movement of persons; controls on external borders; asylum, immigration and judicial cooperation in civil matters were brought under the legal framework. The Schengen (Agreement 1985) signed by three countries Benelux, France and Germany was also included in this treaty which eliminated all border controls and guaranteed the free movement of citizens from participating countries. At the European Council summit in Tampere in 1999, the member states aimed for the establishment of a common EU policy on issues of immigration and asylum. Among one of its elements that it sought to achieve was the development of a common European asylum system. Point 14 of the Tampere European Council states the requirements of such a common system. This System should include, in the short term, a clear and workable determination of the State responsible for the examination of an asylum application, common standards for a fair and efficient asylum procedure, common minimum conditions of reception of asylum seekers, and the approximation of rules on the recognition and content of the refugee status. It should also be completed with measures on subsidiary forms of protection offering an appropriate status to any person in need of such protection. (tampere european council 15 and 16 october 1999 presidency conclusions) Directives This was also the first stage of establishing the common European asylum system wherein four directives were laid down in order to harmonize various aspects of asylum policies. The deadline for adoption of the first legally binding instruments was set for five years after entry into force of the Treaty of Amsterdam, a period which expired at the end of April 2004. 1. reception directive; regarding reception of asylum seekers 2. Dublin II regulation; regarding the country responsible for examination of asylum claim 3. qualification directive; regarding the definition and content of refugee and subsidiary protection status 4. Procedures directive; regarding procedures used to consider asylum claims. The first directive laid down in the tampere council was the reception directive. It came into force on 1st September 2003. It states the minimum standards on the reception of asylum seekers. Its objective was to provide the asylum seekers with a dignified standard of living. The reception directive defines the material conditions for the refugees once they land on the EU territory. Their accommodation, food, clothing and financial assistance is all given due care. Family reunion is also given consideration along with medical and psychological care. Finally the integration of the minor children into the education system is also prioritized. The doors of the labor market are also opened to the asylum seekers. All these material reception conditions are provided to ensure a decent standard of living for the applicants as well as their families. At the same time extra care is also to be granted to the most vulnerable applicants who have faced some forms of violence or who are disabled o r minor children and pregnant women. At the same